USOS DE DO / DOES / DID EN INGLÉS: EXPLICACIÓN COMPLETA

SOURCE: sponglish.com

USOS DE DO / DOES / DID: Explicación completa

Los verbos DO, DOES y DID pueden funcionar como:

1. Auxiliares (para preguntas, negaciones y énfasis)
2. Verbos principales (con significado: “hacer”)
3. Sustitutos verbales en respuestas
4. Elementos de énfasis
5. Parte de expresiones fijas y modismos

Vamos parte por parte.

1. DO / DOES como auxiliares en el presente simple

Se usan para:

• formar preguntas
• formar negaciones
• dar énfasis
• respuestas cortas

✔ 1.1. Cuándo usar DO

Con los sujetos:

• I
• You
• We
• They

Ejemplos:

• Do you work here?
• Do they speak English?
• I do not (don’t) like spicy food.

✔ 1.2. Cuándo usar DOES

Con los sujetos:

• He
• She
• It

Ejemplos:

• Does she know your name?
• Does it work?
• He does not (doesn’t) eat meat.

✔ 1.3. Regla fundamental:

➤ Después de DO/DOES el verbo va en forma base (sin “s”, sin “ed”).

❌ Does she likes pizza?

✔ Does she like pizza?

❌ Do they goes to school?

✔ Do they go to school?

2. DID como auxiliar en el pasado simple

Se usa con todos los sujetos.

✔ 2.1. Preguntas:

• Did you see the movie?
• Did he call you?
• Did they arrive on time?

Regla:

El verbo principal queda en forma base.

❌ Did she went?

✔ Did she go?

✔ 2.2. Negaciones con DIDN’T

• I didn’t eat breakfast.
• She didn’t study yesterday.
• They didn’t understand the question.

Regla:

Después de didn’t, verbo en forma base.

❌ I didn’t ate

✔ I didn’t eat

3. DO / DOES / DID como verbos principales

Significado: “hacer”

En este uso, NO son auxiliares, sino verbos plenos.

✔ Present simple

• I do my homework every night.
• She does the dishes after dinner.
• They do exercise every morning.

✔ Past simple

• I did the laundry yesterday.
• He did his best.
• They did the project by themselves.

4. DO / DOES / DID para énfasis

Sirven para enfatizar, insistir o reforzar una idea.

✔ En el presente:

• I do want to go!
• She does like you.
• They do know the answer.

✔ En el pasado:

• I did call you!
• He did try his best.
• They did finish the work.

En estos casos, después va el verbo en base.

5. DO como verbo sustituto (Substitute Verb)

Se usa para evitar repetir el verbo en una oración.

✔ Ejemplos:

— Do you like chocolate?

— Yes, I do. (evita repetir “like chocolate”)

— He works hard.

— Yes, he does.

— Did they finish?

— Yes, they did.

6. Preguntas tipo “WH” con DO / DOES / DID

Se usan cuando la pregunta NO es sobre el sujeto.

✔ Ejemplos en presente:

• Where do you live?
• What time does he get up?
• Why do they study English?

✔ Ejemplos en pasado:

• Where did you go?
• When did they arrive?
• What did she say?

Regla: el verbo principal va en forma base.

7. Preguntas negativas

✔ Presente

• Don’t you like coffee?
• Doesn’t he work here?

✔ Pasado

• Didn’t they call you?
• Didn’t she finish?

Estas preguntas a veces expresan sorpresa.

8. DO en expresiones fijas

El verbo DO aparece como verbo principal en varias colocaciones:

✔ Actividades domésticas

• do the dishes
• do the laundry
• do the cleaning
• do the shopping

✔ Actividades intelectuales

• do homework
• do research
• do a project

✔ Expresiones generales

• do your best
• do damage
• do business
• do someone a favor
• do harm
• do good

9. DO en frases idiomáticas

• I could do with a break. (me vendría bien)
• That will do. (basta / es suficiente)
• Let’s do away with this rule. (eliminar)
• He did time in prison. (cumplió condena)

10. Resumen final

Tiempo	Auxiliar	Sujetos	Ejemplo
Presente	DO	I, you, we, they	Do you work here?
Presente	DOES	he, she, it	Does she like tea?
Pasado	DID	todos	Did they arrive?

📌 Después de DO/DOES/DID → verbo en forma base

📌 DO/DOES/DID pueden ser auxiliares o verbos principales

📌 DID se usa para todo en pasado

📌 DOES se usa solo con he/she/it

THE PASSIVE VOICE: A QUICK REVISION

In English, active and passive verb forms are two different ways of expressing actions and their subjects. Here's a detailed explanation with examples:

1. Active Voice

In the active voice, the subject of the sentence performs the action. The focus is on the doer of the action.

Structure: Subject + Verb + Object
Example: The dog (subject) bit (verb) the ball (object).

Here, "the dog" is performing the action of "biting" the ball.

2. Passive Voice

In the passive voice, the subject of the sentence receives the action. The focus is on the action or the recipient of the action, rather than who is performing it. Often, the doer of the action is either mentioned at the end of the sentence (after the word "by") or omitted if it's not important.

Structure: Subject + Form of "be" (am, is, are, was, were, etc.) + Past Participle of the Verb + (by + Agent)
Example: The ball (subject) was bitten (verb) by the dog (agent).

In this passive sentence, the focus is on the ball, which is receiving the action of being bitten, rather than the dog performing the action.

Examples of Active vs. Passive Voice:

1. Active: She reads the book.
   Passive: The book is read by her.

2. Active: They built the house.
   Passive: The house was built by them.

3. Active: The teacher explained the lesson.
   Passive: The lesson was explained by the teacher.

When to Use Active vs. Passive Voice:

• Active voice is generally clearer, more direct, and preferred in most writing, especially when the subject (doer) is important.
• Passive voice is useful when the action or the recipient of the action is more important than the doer, or when the doer is unknown or unimportant.

For example:

• Active: The chef cooked a delicious meal. (Focus on the chef)
• Passive: A delicious meal was cooked. (Focus on the meal)

COMMON SOURCE OF IMAGES: test-english.com

COMMON ADJECTIVE SUFFIXES IN ENGLISH

SOURCE: esl.com

REVISION ON PAST SIMPLE TENSE IN ENGLISH: USAGE AND EXAMPLES (WITH EXPLANATIONS IN SPANISH)

SOURCE: Google Images

A REVISION ON SIMPLE PAST TENSE WITH HARRY POTTER

SOURCE: liveworksheets.com

 

TO DO THIS INTERACTIVE SHEET AND CHECK YOUR ANSWERS CLICK ON THE LINK BELOW:

 

Here I come Harry Potter!

 

A QUICK REVISION ON THE USE OF RELATIVES IN ENGLISH: DEFINING VS NON-DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES PLUS RELATIVE PRONOUNS AND ADVERBS

COMMON SOURCE: www.test-english.com

50 MOST COMMON VERBS IN ENGLISH, CONJUGATED (WITH SPANISH TRANSLATION)

CLICK BELOW TO LISTEN TO THE PRONUNCIATION OF MOST COMMON IRREGULAR VERBS:

https://elt.oup.com/student/newhorizonsitaly/irregularverblist?cc=us&selLanguage=en

USOS DE PRESENT PERFECT EN INGLÉS (EXPLANATIONS IN SPANISH)

CREATED BY VALANGLIA

REVISION ON CAUSATIVE VERBS IN ENGLISH

 

SOURCE: eslbuzz.com 

COMMON VERBS AND STRUCTURES WITH GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES

 

COMMON SOURCE: EnglishShouldBeFun.com

 

HOW TO USE MODAL VERBS

SOURCE: www.englishteacheradriana.com

MUST VS. HAVE TO IN ENGLISH (WITH AMIGOS INGLESES)

A TRAVÉS DE: www.youtube.com/AmigosIngleses

WHO VS. WHOM

SOURCE: EnglishGrammar.org

HOW TO USE "UNLESS"

SOURCE: www.pinterest.com

A REVISION ON ENGLISH CONDITIONALS

SOURCE: www.esl.com

FUTURE TENSES FULL MIND MAP

SOURCE: iSLCollective.com

FUTURE TENSES AND HOW TO USE THEM!

A TRAVÉS DE: www.youtube.com/ToFluency

COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES CHEAT SHEET

CREATED BY VALANGLIA

REVISION: DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SEE/LOOK/WATCH AND SAY/TELL

SOURCE: www.vulingo.com

SOURCE: www.americanenglish.state.gov

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN "FOR" AND "DURING" IN ENGLISH

Difference between for and during in English

The difference between for and during is pretty confusing for many learners of English. However, despite semantic similarity, they are used in a different way. The problem seems to be that in other languages, like in Spanish, these two words (for and during) are translated as a same word. In the case of Spanish for and during are translated as durante, which unfortunately for learners is pretty similar to during.

The use of for in English

The word for is a preposition which is usually followed by “a/an” or a number, plus a unit of time (seconds, minutes, hours, days, weeks, months, years, etc.). This preposition is used to express the duration of something:

I have lived in Granada for 10 years.

We have known each other for a couple of months.

The film lasted for 2 hours.

If we pay close attention, the preposition for answers always the question “How long…?”:

How long have you lived in Granada? (For) 10 years.

How long have you known each other? (For) a couple of months.

How long did the film last for? It lasted for 2 hours.

In this way, it is relatively easy to identify when to use for.

The use of during in English

During is another English preposition which tells us when something happens in time. Besides, it is usually followed by a noun which is not necessarily a time unit. 

Let’s see some examples:

We couldn’t get any cigarettes during the war.

He died during the night.

All the hotels are full during the summer season.

In the same way as for, during also answers a question, but not “How long…?”, but rather “When…?”:

When couldn’t you get any cigarettes? During the war.

When did he die? During the night.

When are all the hotels full? During the summer season.

In conclusion, according to the previous examples, the difference between for and during is that for tells us how long an action is, while during tells us when something happened. For this reason, if you ever need to know which one to use, you can ask yourself: Do I need to answer “How long…?” or “When…?”. It’s that simple!

SOURCE: keepsmilingenglish.com