DIFFERENCES BETWEEN "DO" AND "MAKE" (EXTENSION)

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN "DO" AND "MAKE" (EXTENSION)

It can be hard to decide when to use 'make' or 'do' in English. Here's some help.

1: We use 'make' when we create or construct something. For example:

         

She made a cake.

I've made us some coffee.

Did you really make those trousers?

2: We use 'do' for general activities. In this case, 'do' is often used with 'something', 'nothing', 'anything' or 'everything':

What did you do at the weekend?

I didn't do anything yesterday.

She's fed up with doing everything herself. She needs some help.

Are you doing anything interesting during the holidays?

NOTE: 'What do you do?' means 'what's your job?'

3: There are many, many fixed expressions with 'make' and 'do'. Unfortunately, they don't really follow any useful rules, so you have to learn them. Sorry!

Here's a list:

DO:

30 mph (miles per hour)	Many people do more than 30 mph through this town. It's very dangerous.
badly	She did very badly on the exam, so she'll have to retake it.
your best	Don't worry about getting everything correct. Just do your best.
business	It's been a pleasure doing business with you.
chores	I have to go home and do some chores this afternoon.
a course	John has decided to do a course in computing this autumn.
a crossword	She sat on the sofa, doing a crossword and drinking tea.
damage	The storm has done a lot of damage to the house.
the dishes / the washing up	I really hate doing the dishes. I'm hoping to buy a dishwasher this year.
a drawing	The little boy spent hours doing a drawing.
your duty	He has to do his duty and look after his elderly parents.
an exam	I have to do three exams and write a huge essay this term.
exercise	Julie likes doing exercise, especially running.
an exercise	The teacher asked us to do a lot of grammar exercises over the holidays
someone a favour	My friend did me a huge favour and lent me some money.
the gardening	David often spends Sunday afternoons doing gardening.
good	She helps homeless people and tries to do good.
you good	You should eat your vegetables. They'll do you good!
your hair	Allie spends ages doing her hair in the morning.
harm	I spilt coffee on my suit and tried to clean it, but I did more harm than good. It looks even worse now!
homework	Have you finished doing your homework?
housework	Let's do the housework quickly this morning, then we can go out for lunch.
the ironing	My mother listens to the radio while she does the ironing.
a job	I think the students did a great job with this essay. It's excellent.
the laundry / the washing	He did the laundry, cleaned the house, and made dinner.
your nails	Jenny likes to do her nails each week.
a painting	There was an old man sitting on the bank of the river, doing a painting.
paperwork	Does everybody hate doing paperwork?
research	I'm doing some research for my thesis at the moment.
the shopping	I'll do the shopping tomorrow morning. We need milk, bread, pasta and bananas.
time (= be in prison)	He broke into a bank, was caught by the police, and now he's doing time.
well	My sister is doing well in her new job.
work	Unfortunately, Lucy does a lot of work at the weekends.
your worst	I've bought all new winter clothes:– boots, a coat and a very warm hat. Weather, do your worst!

MAKE:

amends	I'm so sorry that I upset you. How can I make amends?
an appointment	She had toothache, so she made an appointment with the dentist for the following day.
arrangements	Okay, so we're going to go on holiday in September. Let's make some arrangements. I'll find a hotel, and you can look at flights.
an attempt	I know we might not catch the plane, but let's at least make an attempt to be on time.
believe	The children's favourite game is to make believe that they are kings and queens from long ago.
certain	I think the café opens at six, but let's make certain. I don't want to be standing in the street waiting!
a change	I've made some changes to the document.
a choice	Which job are you going to take? You need to make a choice.
a comment	My mother made a comment about my shoes.
a complaint	The food took so long to arrive that Julie made a complaint to the manager.
a confession	I'd like to make a confession. I was the one who ate the last of the chocolate.
a date	I'd love to see you soon. How about if we make a date for next week?
a decision	I've made my decision. I'm going to go back to university.
a difference	Going to the gym has really made a difference to how I feel.
a discovery	When John was last in London he made a discovery - a beautiful little café in a quiet street.
an effort	You're not trying hard enough! Make an effort!
an error	He made several errors on the report, and the boss told him to rewrite it.
your escape	The bank robbers took £10,000 from the safe and then made their escape.
an exception	Usually the children aren't allowed to watch TV but I made an exception today since the weather was so horrible.
an excuse	Why was Lisa late? Did she make an excuse?
a face	The child took a bite of the broccoli and made a face.
a fire	We put up our tent, made a fire, and had a hot drink.
a fool of yourself	You shouldn't sing in front of everyone! You'll make a fool of yourself.
a fortune	Lucy made a fortune when she sold her company. Now she doesn't have to work.
friends	She loved university and made lots of friends.
fun of	The children love to make fun of the teacher,– but only when she's not looking.
a fuss	It's okay! I'm fine, it's just a cough. Don't make a fuss!
an impression	Jenny certainly made an impression last night! All my friends are asking about her.
a joke	The interview was very tense at the beginning, but then John made a joke, and after that it was much more relaxed.
a journey	Because of the snow, try not to make any journeys which are not absolutely essential.
a list	First, I must make a list of all the things I need to do.
a loss	Their business made a loss the first year, but did much better after that.
love	The hero and the heroine made love in the film.
a mess	What a mess you've made! Can't you tidy up a bit?
a mistake	She made so many mistakes in her essay that the teacher couldn't understand it.
money	John made a lot of money in his twenties and was able to retire at the age of 35.
a move	Look how late it is! Let's make a move.
a noise	Please try not to make a noise when you come home, because I'll be asleep.
an observation	Could I make an observation? I don't think some of our customers like the new adverts.
an offer	She made an offer on a house. She's nervous because she'll find out today if it has been accepted, and she really wants to buy that house.
a payment	Hello? I'd like to make a credit card payment, please.
a phone call	I'm going to go outside and make a phone call. It's too noisy in here.
plans	David is making plans to move to Paris.
a point	The professor used lots of examples to make his point.
a prediction	The journalist made a prediction about the economy, but in the end it wasn't correct.
a profit	His business made a profit from the beginning.
progress	Finally, after being stuck in a traffic jam for an hour, we're making some progress! We'll arrive by 8pm.
a promise	I must study hard today. I made a promise to my mum that I wouldn't fail any more exams.
a remark	John was upset because the boss made a negative remark about his work.
a reservation	Could you call the restaurant and make a reservation for tonight?
a scene	Susie made a scene in the café when her order was wrong. She shouted at all the staff and demanded to speak to the manager.
a sound	Don't make a sound! We need to be completely quiet.
a speech	The bride's father often makes a speech at her wedding.
a suggestion	Could I make a suggestion? How about going out for dinner?
sure	I don't think I left the gate open, but I'm just going to go and make sure.
the bed	Could you please make the bed before you leave the house? Otherwise it looks so messy with the duvet and the pillows everywhere.
time (=find time to do something)	Everybody's busy, but you need to make time to study. Otherwise you won't be able to get a better job.
trouble	That employee is trying to make trouble. He is always telling the boss bad things about his colleagues.
a visit	I'll call you this afternoon.– I need to make a visit to my granny this morning.
your mind up	Do you want chocolate or strawberry ice cream? Make your mind up quickly!
your way	After the film, John made his way to a café, where he had two cups of coffee and some cake.

 SOURCE: www.perfect-english-grammar.com

THE EXPRESSION OF FUTURE IN ENGLISH (PART I)

CREATED BY VALANGLIA

DIFFERENT USES OF AUXILIARY OR HELPING VERBS: TO BE, TO DO, TO HAVE

GENERAL INTRODUCTION TO AUXILIARY VERBS (ALSO KNOWN AS "HELPING VERBS"):


SOURCE: www.youtube.com/englishgrammarspot

OTHER USES OF HELPING VERBS AS PRIMARY AUXILIARIES (TAKING VERB TO DO AS AN EXAMPLE):

Read the following conversation and pay attention to the auxiliary verb “did“:

John: (1)Did you watch last night’s game?

Adam: Yeah! I (2)did. I bet you liked Rooney’s goal, (3)didn’t you?

John: Oh, yes! It was great! But I actually preferred Van Persie’s goal.

Adam:(4)Did you? But overall he (5)didn’t play well, (6)did he?

John: No, not really. But he (7)did score a great goal, right?

Adam:Yeah, I guess so. But so (8)did Rooney, in my opinion.

Now, let’s see the uses of “did” in each case (1 – 8):

(1) Question form: to ask questions: Did you do…?

(2) Short answer: to avoid repeating the main verb: Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t.

(3) Question tag: asking for clarification or approval, at the end of a statement: didn’t you?

(4) Echo questions: expressing certain surprise at something said by someone else: did you?

(5) Negative form: to negate a verb: didn’t play well.

(6) Question tag: same as (3), but in positive form: did he?

(7) Emphasising auxiliary: to emphasise that something happened or was so: he did score a great goal.

(8) Agreement or similarity: to express agreement or similarity with a previous statement or idea: so did Rooney.

So these 7/8 points summarise the main uses of auxiliary verbs. These very same uses apply to other auxiliaries such as have, am/is/are, was/were, modal verbs, etc.

SOURCE: www.keepsmilingenglish.com

AMERICAN VS. BRITISH VOCABULARY

SOURCE: www.facebook.com/3atelcommunity

BECAUSE HALLOWEEN IS COMING... TWO HALLOWEEN GAMES

HALLOWEEN QUIZ: WHO WANTS TO BE A SPOOKY MILLIONAIRE?

HALLOWEEN GAME

COMMON SOURCE: en.islcollective.com

DESCRIBING PEOPLE'S PERSONALITY (WITH AMIGOS INGLESES)

A TRAVÉS DE: www.youtube.com/AmigosIngleses

DESCRIBING PEOPLE'S APPEARANCE

A TRAVÉS DE: www.youtube.com/MyEnglishBrain

Describing people from colegio

A QUICK REMINDER ON MITIGATORS AND INTENSIFIERS (USED TO MODIFY ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS)

 

SOURCE:  twitter.com/corkengteacher

AUTUMN IS ALREADY HERE SO... VERBS AND WORDS RELATED TO RAIN AND COLD WEATHER

SOURCE: twitter.com/corkengteacher

DEALING WITH BACK-TO-SCHOOL STRESS (FROM VOA LEARNING ENGLISH)

Dealing with Back-to-School Stress

Shopping for school supplies has become one of the stressful activities of the new school year. 

Dealing with Back-to-School Stress

FOR AUDIO OF THIS ARTICLE CLICK ON BELOW LINK:

learningenglish.voanews.com/pp/4020794/ppt0.html

 

From VOA Learning English, this is the Health & Lifestyle report.

It is back-to-school time in the United States, which for many is bittersweet. The bitter part is for saying goodbye to carefree, unscheduled summer days. The sweet part is saying hello to a new school year and school friends.

This exciting time is filled with smells of new books, paper and pencils. Children might dress in a new set of clothes and wear new shoes. And of course there are the first-day-of-school pictures that parents share with family and friends.

Back-to-school pictures are a tradition. Felix, a 9-year-old boy, starts his first day of 5th grade at a Chinese immersion school in Washington, D.C.

However, going back to school can also be a stressful time for children and families. Everyone must make the transition from easy summer life to routines, schedules and homework.

Families might also stress about spending extra money for a new school year. Parents often need to pay school fees or to buy new school clothes, sports equipment, musical instruments and school supplies. When parents are stressed, children feel the tension.

What stresses out children in the U.S.?

Back-to-school stress is different for different ages. Younger children may feel scared to leave their families. Making new friends and dealing with bullying can also cause stress for students. Older students may stress about their appearance, grades and getting into college.

With teenagers in the United States, stress is a serious and growing problem. A 2013 survey by the American Psychological Association found that teens in the U.S. are now as stressed as adults.

A high percentage of the teens surveyed say they are stressed about:

• school (83%)
• getting into a good college or deciding what to do after high school (69%)
• and financial concerns for their family (65%)

Two years ago, Danielle Lanteri began going to high school. It is a private Catholic school that she attends on a scholarship. She said the demands of the scholarship keep her very busy…and stressed.

“What stresses me out most at this point in my life will have to be the amount of work that I get from my teachers and the expectation that I am supposed to, that I have. With my scholarship for high school, I’m expected to be on a sport, participate in clubs, get an above 100 average in all my classes. And I feel that it’s a little impossible. Very few people end up keeping this scholarship because it’s just too hard to do everything.”

Helping stressed out children

However, parents, teachers and children can all help to make the transition back to school easier.

Lori Bambina has been a teacher for over 20 years. She currently teaches first grade in Brooklyn, New York at Public School 229. Her students are 5- and 6-years-old.

Routines and knowing what to expect, or predictability, help to reduce stress in children, says Ms. Bambina. So, she focuses on the class routine during the start of the new school year.

“Well, for the students, I have my classroom set up with a very clear system. So, I will introduce the system. Then I will revisit the system because at this young age they enjoy structure and predictability. And that routine is very comforting and will not cause them stress if they know exactly where things are located and what type of behavior is expected of them. So, that really reduces the stress and the anxiety because they have their own comfort level now.”

Whether you are in first grade or 10th grade, knowing the teachers and what they expect is a good way to reduce stress.

Danielle sends a photo to us from New York City showing her back-to-school style.

​The "unknown" can be stressful

At her new high school, Danielle did not know her teachers. She did not know the best way to build relationships with them. Also, the teachers did not know her learning style.

All of these unknowns caused Danielle a lot of stress.

“It was the not knowing the teachers. They didn’t know me; so they don't know how I work. That stressed me out. I didn’t know what type of relationship I should have with my teacher. And to cut down the stress, I will email my teachers if I have a problem and try to, like, get to know them better.”

Knowing what a teacher wants in the classroom is a good way to cut down on stress.

But there are things you can do in the home, too.

Mary Anne Aidala began teaching in the New York school system in 1962. She retired 39 years later, in 2001. She is an award-winning teacher and is also the mother of Lori Bambina, the teacher we heard from earlier.

Ms. Aidala advises parents to focus on the basics – get enough sleep, eat healthy foods, and turn off electronics before bedtime.

“Well, the first thing they (parents) have to do is to get them (children) on a schedule of sleep habits. And they should also make sure they have a good breakfast to keep their brains alert. And maybe before they go to sleep every night they should start to read them a story or do something educational; so, they can start to reactivate their brains into using them.”

The American Psychological Association makes the same suggestions on its website. They add that getting organized is also very important – for parents, children and teachers. For example, parents should keep their wallets and car keys in the same place. This way they do not have to look for them during a busy morning.

And that’s the Health & Lifestyle report.

I’m Alice Bryant.

If you are a student, teacher or parent, how do you reduce your stress during back-to-school time? Let us know in the Comments Section.

Anna Matteo wrote this report with additional material from the American Psychological Association. Kelly Jean Kelly was the editor. 

Words in This Story

bittersweet – adj. combining sadness and happiness

transition – v. to make a change from one state, place, or condition to another; n. a change from one state or condition to another

stress - v. to feel very worried or anxious about something

stress - n. s state of mental worry caused by problems in your life

routine – n. a regular way of doing things in a particular order

bullying - n. abuse of someone by stronger, more powerful individuals

SOURCE: learningenglish.voanews.com